What does the term "True North" refer to in surveying?

The term "True North" in surveying refers to the direction towards the North Pole, which is aligned with the Earth's rotational axis. This is consistent with the geographic definition, which is why the correct categorization aligns with the idea of geographic north. True North is critical for accurate surveying and mapping as it establishes a consistent reference point that does not change over time, unlike magnetic north, which can vary due to magnetic declination influenced by geological factors.

Astronomic north specifically involves measurements taken through celestial observations, although it ultimately serves to establish a similar reference of direction. While magnetic north pertains to the compass direction dictated by the Earth's magnetic field, and adjusted north refers to local magnetic variations, these concepts are not synonymous with True North. True North, as defined here, remains strictly tied to the Earth’s geometric structure rather than other directional influences.